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フロンティア | N-アセチル-L-システインがラットの出血性ショックと海水浸漬後の臓器機能を保護、凝固障害とアシドーシスを改善

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2026年2月22日
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フロンティア | N-アセチル-L-システインがラットの出血性ショックと海水浸漬後の臓器機能を保護、凝固障害とアシドーシスを改善
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**ニュース記事**

**背景**: 海水浸漬を伴う外傷の死亡率は陸上の外傷よりも高いですが、この重大なケースの治療法や採用すべき治療法に関する研究は不足しています。

**方法**: ラットモデルを用いて、海水浸漬を伴う出血性ショック(Sea-Shock)における生存率、アシドーシス、凝固障害、バイタルサイン、酸化ストレス、ミトコンドリアおよび多臓器機能に対するチオール化合物N-アセチル-L-システイン(NAC)の効果を評価しました。

**結果**: 海水浸漬を伴う出血性ショックは、重度の致死的三徴候(多臓器障害、酸化ストレス、ミトコンドリア機能障害)を引き起こしました。NAC(30 mg/kg)を乳酸リンゲル液(LR)(失った血液量の2倍)と併用することで、LRまたはヘタスターチ(HES 130/0.4)の単独使用と比較して、結果が有意に改善されました。NACは生存時間を52.48 ± 30.09時間に延長し、72時間の生存率を11/16(68%)に増加させました。NACは代謝性アシドーシスを軽減し、pHを7.33に回復させました。また、NACは凝固機能を回復させ、APTT、PT、PT-INRはそれぞれ109.31%、78.09%、73.74%減少し、フィブリノーゲンレベルは未治療のSea-Shockと比較して246.23%増加しました。NACの投与は心臓および肝機能を著しく改善し、腎機能にも若干の改善が見られました。

**結論**: NACを結晶質蘇生液に追加することで、酸化ストレスが軽減され、赤色酸化還元の恒常性が回復し、Sea-Shock後のラットにおいて多臓器保護が提供されました。NACは海水浸漬を伴う出血性ショックに対する効果的な治療手段となる可能性があります。

**導入**: 経済の急速な発展とグローバリゼーションに伴い、海上での作業や局地戦が増加しており、残念ながら海上事故の発生も増加しています。これにより、多大な人命と財産の損失が生じています。海水は低温、アルカリ性、高濃度のナトリウム、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウムなどの電解質を含む特性を持っています。私たちの以前の研究では、海水浸漬を伴う出血性ショックが、低体温、凝固障害、アシドーシス、高い電解質障害、多臓器機能不全の発生率を引き起こし、高い死亡率をもたらす複雑で致命的な病理的特徴を誘発することが示されました。しかし、海水浸漬を伴う出血性ショックの治療法や採用すべき薬剤に関する研究は現在のところ不十分です。多くの研究が、酸化ストレスが出血性ショック後の主要な病態生理的特徴の一つであることを示しています。過剰な活性酸素種(ROS)は、核、細胞膜、細胞小器官に損傷を与え、細胞死を引き起こす可能性があります。海水の特性が出血性ショックにおける酸化ストレス損傷を悪化させることが指摘されています。

NAC N-acetyl cysteine

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